BuildingRetaining Wall Calculator

Retaining Wall Block Calculator

Calculate exactly how many retaining wall blocks, caps, and base materials you need—no guesswork, no wasted trips to the store.

Wall Dimensions

Ready to calculate

Enter your wall dimensions

Block Size Reference

3

per sq ft

12" ×

$3/block

2

per sq ft

12" ×

$4.5/block

1.33

per sq ft

18" ×

$6.5/block

1

per sq ft

18" ×

$8/block

Expert Contributors

Why expert review matters

Every calculator is reviewed by certified professionals to ensure accuracy.Sarah Kim's LA Degree, Drainage Cert certification ensures professional-grade precision.

Pro Tips

  • Set back each course 1/4" to 1" for structural stability—most blocks have a built-in lip that creates automatic setback
  • Install 4" perforated drain pipe behind the first course, surrounded by 12" of clean drainage gravel
  • Compact your base in 2" lifts until you hit 95% density—hand tamping won't achieve proper compaction
  • Call your building department first—walls over 4 feet typically require permits and engineering

Common Questions

How many blocks per square foot?

3 blocks for 12×4" size, 1.33 for 18×6" blocks

Do I need a permit?

Usually required for walls over 4 feet tall

How deep should the base be?

6" for walls under 3 ft, 8-12" for taller walls

Is drainage always needed?

Yes - 12" of gravel behind wall minimum

How the Calculator Works

Enter your wall length and desired height, and the calculator multiplies these dimensions to determine total wall face area, then divides by your selected block size to calculate blocks needed. It automatically adds cap blocks (based on wall length), estimates base gravel for a proper foundation, and calculates drainage gravel assuming 12" of backfill depth. The final tally includes waste factor for cuts and breakage.

Formula

Blocks = (Wall Length × Wall Height) ÷ Block Face Area

Caps = Wall Length × (12 ÷ Block Length)

Base Gravel = Length × Width × Depth ÷ 27

Quick Reference

Base depth
6-8"
Setback/course
1/4" - 1"
Drainage width
12"
Permit threshold
4 ft height
Waste factor
10-18%